Excerpt: ...ty to use reasonable care, (2) breach of that duty, and (3) proximate [or legal] cause between the breach and (4) the plaintiff's injury….' [Citation.]” (Phillips v. TLC Plumbing, Inc., supra, 172 Cal.App.4th at 1139.) “Absent a legal duty, any injury is an injury without actionable wrong.” (Romero v. Superior Court (2001) 89 Cal.App.4th 1068, 1078 (Romero).) “ ‘Duty, being a question of law, is particularly amendable to resolution by...

Excerpt: ...ken remedial action, (3) “a proximate causal connection between the condition and the injury sustained,” and (4) “a reasonably foreseeable risk that the kind of injury that occurred would result from the dangerous condition.” (Metcalf v. County of San Joaquin (2008) 42 Cal.4th 1121, 1126; People ex rel. Department of Transp. v. Superior Court (1992) 5 Cal.App.4th 1480, 1485.) Here, Plaintiffs have not sufficiently alleged a claim for dang...

Excerpt: ...etter on 3/29/22 followed by a telephone call on 4/8/22. Here, this is not a situation where counsel instructed the PMQ to not answer, but rather, the PMQ did not know the information. The issue instead is relevance and financial privacy. Defendant once again relies on Qaadir v. Figueroa (2021) 67 Cal.App.5th 790, 798: [W]e conclude evidence of a medical bill is relevant to prove or disprove the “paid or incurred” prong of past medical damage...

Excerpt: ...afting party materially breaches the arbitration agreement and is in default, the consumer or employee may either withdraw the claim from arbitration and proceed in a court or compel arbitration where the drafting party shall pay reasonable attorney's fees and costs related to arbitration. (CCP §1281.97(b).) If the consumer or employee proceeds with an action in court, the court shall impose sanctions in accordance with CCP §1281.99. (CCP §128...

Excerpt: ... of the manufacturer of the vehicle for repair; and (3) the manufacturer or his representative did not repair the nonconformity after a reasonable number of repair attempts. (Oregel v. Am. Isuzu Motors, Inc. (2001) 90 Cal.App.4th 1094, 1101.) Here, the Complaint fails to sufficiently allege any breach of express warranty under the SongBeverly Act by CarMax. As CarMax argues, there are no allegations in the Complaint that CarMax ever provided Plai...

Excerpt: ...Government Code section 815.2, subdivision (a) if defendant Davis breached Civil Code section 1714 by doing things like moving the traffic markings plaintiff's contractor had established. (Eastburn v. Regional Fire Protection Authority (2003) 31 Cal.4th 1175, 1183‐1184 [Civil Code section 1714 can support a claim for vicarious but not direct negligence against a public entity].) Although Davis denies moving parking markings, plaintiff's exhibit...

Excerpt: ...ationship that is not yet contractual, i.e., it protects the expectation of an advantageous business relationship even in the absence of a legally binding agreement. (Buckaloo v. Johnson (1975) 14 Cal.3d 745, 749, disapproved on other grounds in Della Penna v. Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc. (1995) 11 Cal.4th 376.) Plaintiff must plead and prove 1) an existing economic relationship between plaintiff and a third party, with the probability of fut...

Excerpt: ...o work from home. Both requests were accommodated. However, after the second request, Defendant initiated sub rosa surveillance of Plaintiff to try and obtain evidence that he was acting inconsistent with his requested accommodation. Plaintiff alleges that the sub rosa investigation was initiated only because he requested an accommodation. He contends that he was improperly terminated under the pretext that he had taken non‐approved leave, was ...

Excerpt: ... cosmetic products. Conor understood GTOK's intended use and informed it that the buildings were suitable to cosmetic manufacturing and there were no environmental impediments. The property was formally operated as a landfill and Plaintiffs learned that it was contaminated by the City of Corona's use. When GTOK's assignor, SeneGence, submitted an application for tenant improvements, City placed a hold on the building permit due to environmental c...

Excerpt: ...y, Defendants should be preliminarily enjoined from reducing Davis's interest in Stellar or preventing him from participating in management. Undertaking: An undertaking is required when an injunction is granted in an amount not exceeding an amount of damages the party may sustain by reason of the injunction, if the court finally decides that the applicant was not entitled to the injunction.” (Cal. Code Civ. Pro. §529(a).) A bond is an indispen...

Excerpt: ... by the evidence in the record, the court may order the department to rescind the order of suspension or revocation and return, or reissue a new license to, the person.” (Veh. Code § 13559(a).) Review is strictly limited to the record of the Page 3 of 6 administrative hearing; the trial court may not consider any other evidence. (Veh. Code § 13559(a).) In reviewing the DMV's suspension of a driver's license, the trial court exercises independ...

Excerpt: ...AC now adds allegations in order to avoid the 90‐day limit for commencing an action under the Probate Code. Those allegations are confusing, especially as to the claim against defendant personally. As to defendant's personal obligations under the fee agreement with plaintiff Plaintiff now alleges that plaintiff was personally bound under the fee agreement entered into with decedent to comply with a request for arbitration and on 1/7/22, made a ...

Excerpt: ...arty affected by the order may, within 10 days after service upon the party of written notice of entry of the order and based upon new or different facts, circumstances, or law, make application to the same judge or court that made the order, to reconsider the matter and modify, amend, or revoke the prior order.” Here, Plaintiffs were impacted by the order, but have provided no new or different facts, circumstances or law to support changing th...

Excerpt: ... employees to do so and this disparate treatment was due to plaintiff's race. (¶19.) Plaintiff alleges that he could have utilized the same tools the other employees were using (Microsoft teams and Google meetings) to effectively work from home, but he was not allowed to do so because he was African American. (¶19.) The FAC also alleges that Defendant reneged on its agreement with Plaintiff to allow him to take time off to care for his newborn ...

Excerpt: ...� as to its legal and factual merit, and is subject to sanctions for violation of this certification. (CCP §128.7; see Murphy v. Yale Materials Handling Corp. (1997) 54 Cal.App.4th 619, 623.) Thus, the attorney presenting the paper certifies that: 1) the pleading/motion was not brought for an improper purpose to harass or cause delay and increase costs of litigation; 2) the claims are warranted under existing law or a nonfrivolous argument for t...

Excerpt: ... proper interpretation are disputable. (Joslin v. H.A.S. Ins. Brokerage (1986) 184 Cal. App. 3d 369, 374.) A court may take judicial notice of plaintiff's unequivocal discovery responses based on plaintiff's personal knowledge. (Bockrath v. Aldrich Chemical Co. Inc. (1999) 21 Cal.4th 71, 83.) However, while the court can take judicial notice of discovery responses, it is not authorized to draw inferences from the responses or determine the pleadi...

Excerpt: ...created a reasonably foreseeable risk of the kind of injury incurred; and (4) a negligent, wrongful or omission of a public entity employee created the dangerous condition or (5) the public entity had actual or constructive notice to have taken measures to protect against the dangerous condition. (Gov. C. §835.) Under Government Code §835, a plaintiff must prove that the dangerous condition was created by a public entity employee, or had notice...

Excerpt: ...o strike, as with a demurrer, “the court treats as true the material facts alleged in the complaint, as well as any facts which may be implied or inferred from those expressly alleged.” (Washington Int'l Ins. Co. v. Superior Court (1998) 62 Cal. App. 4th 981, 984, fn. 2.) Defendants argue the court should strike the claims for attorney's fees. Plaintiffs argue in opposition that the claims are proper and should not be stricken because the Loa...

Excerpt: ... sufficient particularity. Hilliard v. AH Robbins Co. (1983) 148 Cal.App.3d 374, 392. Generally, claims for punitive damages must be pleaded with particularity as to the facts constituting the alleged egregious conduct. G.D. Searle & Co. v. Superior Court (1975) 49 Cal.App.3d 22, 29. However, the court may read the complaint as a whole so that conclusory allegations may be sufficient when read in context with the facts alleged as to the defendant...

Excerpt: ...& Babbitt, LLP (“RBB”) – billed 294.3 hours utilizing six attorneys and paralegals at hourly rates of $150, $490 and $545. (Babbitt Decl., ¶ 5.) However, the billing records reveal hourly rates of $150, $260, $490, $545 and $565 (it appears that Babbitt increased his hourly in 2022 and that the hourly rate of Le Pere was inadvertently omitted from the declaration). While there is no question that counsel has significant lemon law experienc...

Excerpt: ...ot be granted. Although the court may take judicial notice of recorded documents under Evidence Code section 452, and the legal effect of those documents, defendant fails to state any basis for the court's consideration of the recorded documents. That is, except for mentioning the notice of default and its rescission, there is no argument regarding the significance of either document, as it relates to plaintiff's claim. The demurrer to the first ...

Excerpt: ...ably true. (Evid. Code, §452(d) [judicial notice may be taken of records of any court of this state]; See Sosinsky v. Grant (1992) 6 Cal.App.4th 1548, 1564‐1569; also see Fremont Indem. Co. v. Fremont Gen. Corp. (2007) 148 Cal.App.4th 97.) Exs. 6‐7: are granted. The court may take judicial notice of “Official acts of the legislature, executive, and judicial departments of…any state of the United States.” (Evid. Code, §452(c); See Shap...

Excerpt: ...with, or relating in any way to the Admission Agreement or any service or goods provided by the Facility, will be determined but submission to individual arbitration, and not by a class arbitration or any other lawsuit or court process.” The first was contemplated with services provided under the first admission, which events are not the basis of this lawsuit. Accordingly, if any arbitration agreement applies, it would be the second agreement. ...

Excerpt: ...ges that when he was called to tow the vehicle, the officers negligently failed to conduct a sufficient inventory of the vehicle to find the weapon that was present on the seat when he entered the vehicle, and failed to restrain the Luther, which gave him access to the gun. Luther then shot three CHP officers and, according to the SAC, plaintiff was “physically injured” and suffered emotional injury. (SAC, ¶¶ 10‐15 [alleging the officers ...

Excerpt: ...dural rule.” (Pac. Nat'l Bank v. Bradley (1992) 4 Cal.App.4th 89, 98; see also Parkview Villas Assn., Inc. v. State Farm Fire & Casualty Co. (2005) 133 Cal.App.4th 1197, 1215‐ 1216.) “[T]erminating sanctions are to be used sparingly, only when the trial court concludes that lesser sanctions would not bring about the compliance of the offending party.” (R.S. Creative, Inc. v. Creative Cotton, Ltd. (1999) 75 Cal.App.4th 486, 496.) Discovery...